Graduate Student Innovates Software for Fusion Power Plant Design

Connor Moreno, a graduate student at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, has developed innovative software tools aimed at enhancing the design processes of commercial fusion power plants. As a PhD candidate in the Department of Nuclear Engineering and Engineering Physics (NEEP), Moreno’s work focuses on addressing the challenges associated with stellarator design, a complex type of fusion reactor. His dedication stems from an early interest in fusion, sparked during his undergraduate studies, where he explored neutron physics and the pressing need for sustainable energy solutions.

Recognizing the limitations of traditional modeling techniques, Moreno created ParaStell, a software tool specifically designed to automate the parametric modeling of stellarators. This tool stands out as one of the few open-source options available and has quickly become a vital resource for private fusion startups. Companies have begun integrating ParaStell into their design workflows to enhance efficiency and productivity.

Revolutionizing Fusion Design

Moreno describes the evolution of ParaStell, stating, “I had to build it from the ground up. It started as a hodgepodge of different scripts, but now it’s a polished software package.” The software not only streamlines the creation of computer-aided design (CAD) models but also supports neutronics calculations. This capability allows researchers to optimize stellarator designs by simulating various performance metrics, including assessing potential radiation damage to reactor components.

Funding for Moreno’s research comes through a partnership known as HiFiStell, part of a multi-institutional initiative that leverages high-fidelity simulations and advanced computing for stellarator design. Professor and NEEP Department Chair Paul Wilson notes, “Our relationship with fusion energy startups that are pursuing the stellarator concept has allowed us to quickly translate the outcomes of this federal funding to influence the design process of fusion power plants.”

ParaStell is already in use by innovative companies such as Gauss Fusion and Type One Energy, a spinoff from the university co-founded by Professor Chris Hegna. Moreno has collaborated closely with two master’s students from NEEP to integrate ParaStell into Type One Energy’s neutronics design workflow, particularly for neutron and photon transport modeling.

Collaborative Efforts in Fusion Research

The integration of ParaStell has proven essential for the design of key components like the breeding blanket, a device that not only produces more fusion fuel but also protects magnetic coils from neutron radiation. Moreno emphasizes the importance of collaboration between private companies and national laboratories, stating, “It’s exciting to see my work having a real impact on these companies. It’s not just in this little box that exists only for me; it’s useful for other people.”

His ongoing research is poised to make an even greater impact. While ParaStell aids in modeling reactor designs, Moreno aims to automate the overall stellarator design process through advanced design optimization methodologies. He points out that despite the extensive use of design optimization in other industries, it remains largely underutilized within the nuclear sector, particularly in fusion research.

The challenges presented by stellarator design stem from their intricate geometries, making traditional design methods tedious and time-consuming. By applying design optimization techniques, Moreno believes that fusion companies and national laboratories can improve their design efficiency.

Looking ahead, Moreno plans to continue his contributions to the fusion energy sector after graduation, striving to advance reactor designs that could ultimately provide limitless clean energy. Wilson underscores the significance of Moreno’s expertise, stating, “The fusion energy industry is still quite young and needs people like Connor who are trained to help them answer the most challenging aspects of designing fusion power plants.”

Moreno’s work represents a crucial step in the journey toward commercializing fusion energy, highlighting the vital role of innovation and collaboration in tackling one of the most pressing challenges of our time: the quest for sustainable energy.