Experts Warn Cannabis Addiction is Rising Amid Legalization

The misconception that marijuana cannot lead to addiction is increasingly being challenged by health experts. With around half of U.S. states now allowing recreational use of cannabis and 40 states permitting medical use, the rise of cannabis use disorder is becoming a concerning reality. Dr. Smita Das, an addiction psychiatrist at Stanford University, emphasizes that cannabis can indeed lead to addiction, affecting nearly 30% of users according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

The issue of cannabis use disorder is particularly relevant as cannabis potency has escalated in recent years. In the 1960s, marijuana typically contained less than 5% THC, the psychoactive component responsible for the high. Today, dispensaries offer cannabis with THC levels that can exceed 40%, raising the risk of addiction.

Identifying Cannabis Use Disorder

Recognizing the signs of cannabis use disorder is essential for those who may be struggling. Symptoms can include interference with daily life, health, or relationships. “The more frequently someone uses and the higher the potency, the greater the risk,” Das stated. Diagnosis follows criteria outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, which considers factors like tolerance, withdrawal symptoms, and time spent obtaining or using cannabis.

The National Survey on Drug Use and Health reported that 7% of individuals aged 12 and older met the criteria for cannabis use disorder in 2024, with many cases categorized as mild. Yet, about 20% of these individuals exhibited more severe symptoms. It is important to note that dependence and addiction, although related, differ; dependence refers to physical reliance, while addiction encompasses behavioral changes.

Accessing Treatment and Support

Many who seek help for cannabis use disorder often do so while addressing other issues, such as alcohol use. Dr. Das notes that effective treatments exist for cannabis addiction. One approach is motivational interviewing, which encourages individuals to find their own reasons for change. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is another effective method, helping users challenge negative thought patterns and modify unproductive behaviors.

Peer support groups, such as Marijuana Anonymous, can also play a crucial role in recovery. Dave Bushnell, a retired digital executive creative director, founded a Reddit group 14 years ago for individuals seeking help with cannabis addiction. With a growing membership of 350,000, Bushnell emphasizes the importance of community support, noting that some individuals feel more comfortable engaging online rather than in person. “This is potheads taking care of potheads,” he remarked.

Health professionals urge anyone struggling with cannabis use disorder to seek help, whether through professional treatment or peer support groups. Dr. Das cautions that, “just because something’s legal doesn’t mean that it’s safe.” As marijuana use continues to grow, increasing awareness and understanding of its potential for addiction remains crucial for public health.