Doctor Warns of Risks Linked to Common Acid Reflux Medications

Dr. Punam Krishan, a practicing NHS GP and resident doctor on BBC’s Morning Live, has issued a cautionary message regarding the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), such as omeprazole, which are commonly prescribed for conditions like acid reflux and heartburn. With approximately one in four adults in the UK affected by acid reflux, many rely on these medications to alleviate their symptoms. However, Dr. Krishan emphasizes the importance of monitoring their usage, particularly for individuals on long-term treatment.

During her appearance on BBC Morning Live, Dr. Krishan explained the mechanics of acid reflux, describing it as a condition where stomach acid flows back into the esophagus. “We all have acid in our stomach, which plays a crucial role in digesting food,” she noted. “At the top of the stomach, there is a valve, or sphincter, that acts as a trapdoor to prevent acid from moving back up the food pipe. If this valve becomes too relaxed, it allows acid to escape, leading to the burning sensation associated with reflux.”

The doctor pointed out that while antacids and medications like Gaviscon can provide temporary relief for occasional symptoms, persistent cases often require stronger treatments such as PPIs. Dr. Krishan remarked, “PPIs like omeprazole have transformed the way we manage acid reflux. They work by reducing acid production at its source.”

Despite their effectiveness, Dr. Krishan cautioned against prolonged use of PPIs without proper medical oversight. She stated that long-term use can increase the risk of low magnesium levels, low vitamin B12, and gut infections, particularly C. difficile. “These medications aren’t meant for indefinite use,” she stressed. “Regular reviews are essential to monitor potential side effects.”

Dr. Krishan highlighted the importance of consulting a healthcare provider if symptoms change, especially if patients experience persistent diarrhea or alterations in bowel habits, which could indicate an imbalance in gut bacteria. “If you notice these symptoms, it’s crucial to check in with your doctor,” she advised.

Patients using omeprazole without a prescription are advised not to exceed two weeks of usage. For those prescribed the medication, regular check-ups should be scheduled every six to twelve months to minimize long-term risks. Symptoms of low magnesium can include muscle cramps and fatigue, while low vitamin B12 levels may manifest as pale skin and weakness.

Dr. Krishan also addressed concerns about managing acid reflux without medication. “If symptoms persist despite lifestyle adjustments, it’s important to seek further evaluation,” she mentioned. Tests may include checks for Helicobacter pylori, a bacterium linked to increased acid production, or a gastroscopy to investigate potential causes like inflammation or ulcers.

Exciting advancements are underway in the UK regarding early detection of esophageal cancer. Dr. Krishan discussed a pilot program being tested by the NHS, which employs a device known as the “sponge on a string” test. This innovative approach allows for non-invasive sampling of cells from the stomach and esophagus to identify any concerning changes early on.

In addition to medication and testing, Dr. Krishan offered practical lifestyle tips for individuals experiencing acid reflux. She recommended smaller meal portions, avoiding lying down immediately after eating, and wearing looser clothing to reduce pressure on the stomach. She also suggested herbal teas, such as chamomile and ginger, as effective remedies, while cautioning against mint, which could exacerbate reflux symptoms.

“It’s essential to identify your triggers and maintain a diary of your symptoms,” she advised. “This information can be invaluable for your healthcare provider.”

As awareness of the potential risks associated with long-term PPI use grows, Dr. Krishan’s insights serve as a reminder for individuals to engage actively with their healthcare and prioritize regular check-ups to ensure safe and effective management of acid reflux.